Kseniya Kapelchuk, «Repetition and Chance: The Two Effects of Revolution», Rivista di estetica, 67 | 2018, 69-79

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The article focuses on the philosophical issues of the establishing of the concept of revolution in its modern sense as an intervention of something new that breaks up with the past and produces a gap between tradition and innovation. The common interpretation of this process implies the linear conception of time and at the same time describes the event of revolution as the implementation of this conception in the political life. The article refers to the two influential accounts of the problem: the one of Hannah Arendt and the other of Reinhart Koselleck. While Arendt describes French revolution as the event resulting in the fact the newness had reached the politics and thus opened history to the future disavowing the repetition, in Koselleck's terms it promoted the notion of universal history disavowing the chance. In any case both believe that it is due to the phenomenon of revolution the history was invented as history. But it was not invented from the scratch. Arendt’s and Koselleck's analysis involves philological account of etymology and history of the word «revolution», which shows the radical change of its meaning. Initially revolution meant exactly those things that subsequently were excluded from the notion of history, established as a result of revolution: the repetition and the chance. The article aims to demonstrate that this traditional interpretation misses another sense of repetition which doesn’t contradict the newness but on the contrary produces it. Thus it is not simple denial of repetition that constitutes the revolution but displacement of the repetition understood as cycle and coming to the fore of the repetition understood as a chance.

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