Журнал: Управление наукой: теория и практика

Тамбовцев В. Л.
Действенность мер российской научной политики: что говорит мировой опыт

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2020.2.1.1

Тамбовцев Виталий Леонидович
МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова


 

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Тамбовцев В. Л. Действенность мер российской научной политики: что говорит мировой опыт // Управление наукой: теория и практика. 2020. Том. 2. № 1. С. 15-39.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2020.2.1.1

Рубрика:

Научно-технологическая политика

Аннотация:

Исходя из анализа большого числа эмпирических исследований, выявляющих последствия мер научных политик, проводимых во многих странах мира, в статье показано, что проводимая в России государственная научная политика включает инструменты, которые на самом деле препятствуют достижению продекларированных в ней целей. Установлено, что лишены научных оснований такие компоненты отечественной научной политики, как включённые в неё механизмы повышения публичной подотчётности науки, намерения финансировать исследования в основном на конкурсной основе, стремления развивать науку преимущественно в университетах (причём силами преподавателей), а также реализуемый на практике тренд на укрупнение исследовательских организаций. Приводимые результаты эмпирических исследований, проведённых во многих странах, показывают, что подотчётность обществу в действительности превращена в подотчётность чиновникам органов государственного управления. Финансирование исследований на конкурсной основе снижает вероятность проведения принципиально новых исследований. Принуждение всех преподавателей публиковать научные статьи, притом в высокоцитируемых журналах, заставляет сокращать время на повышение качества учебных занятий, а укрупнение учебных и научных организаций увеличивает издержки координации и не приводит к получению более значительных научных результатов.

Ключевые слова:

научная политика; научная обоснованность политики; подотчётность обществу; библиометрические индикаторы; продуктивность научных исследований

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Сведения об авторах


Тамбовцев Виталий Леонидович
МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова
доктор экономических наук, профессор, зав. лабораторией

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